diff --git a/30-days-of-python/10_Bucles/data/countries.py b/30-days-of-python/10_Bucles/data/countries.py deleted file mode 100644 index f3027a3..0000000 --- a/30-days-of-python/10_Bucles/data/countries.py +++ /dev/null @@ -1,195 +0,0 @@ -countries = [ - 'Afghanistan', - 'Albania', - 'Algeria', - 'Andorra', - 'Angola', - 'Antigua and Barbuda', - 'Argentina', - 'Armenia', - 'Australia', - 'Austria', - 'Azerbaijan', - 'Bahamas', - 'Bahrain', - 'Bangladesh', - 'Barbados', - 'Belarus', - 'Belgium', - 'Belize', - 'Benin', - 'Bhutan', - 'Bolivia', - 'Bosnia and Herzegovina', - 'Botswana', - 'Brazil', - 'Brunei', - 'Bulgaria', - 'Burkina Faso', - 'Burundi', - 'Cambodia', - 'Cameroon', - 'Canada', - 'Cape Verde', - 'Central African Republic', - 'Chad', - 'Chile', - 'China', - 'Colombi', - 'Comoros', - 'Congo (Brazzaville)', - 'Congo', - 'Costa Rica', - "Cote d'Ivoire", - 'Croatia', - 'Cuba', - 'Cyprus', - 'Czech Republic', - 'Denmark', - 'Djibouti', - 'Dominica', - 'Dominican Republic', - 'East Timor (Timor Timur)', - 'Ecuador', - 'Egypt', - 'El Salvador', - 'Equatorial Guinea', - 'Eritrea', - 'Estonia', - 'Ethiopia', - 'Fiji', - 'Finland', - 'France', - 'Gabon', - 'Gambia, The', - 'Georgia', - 'Germany', - 'Ghana', - 'Greece', - 'Grenada', - 'Guatemala', - 'Guinea', - 'Guinea-Bissau', - 'Guyana', - 'Haiti', - 'Honduras', - 'Hungary', - 'Iceland', - 'India', - 'Indonesia', - 'Iran', - 'Iraq', - 'Ireland', - 'Israel', - 'Italy', - 'Jamaica', - 'Japan', - 'Jordan', - 'Kazakhstan', - 'Kenya', - 'Kiribati', - 'Korea, North', - 'Korea, South', - 'Kuwait', - 'Kyrgyzstan', - 'Laos', - 'Latvia', - 'Lebanon', - 'Lesotho', - 'Liberia', - 'Libya', - 'Liechtenstein', - 'Lithuania', - 'Luxembourg', - 'Macedonia', - 'Madagascar', - 'Malawi', - 'Malaysia', - 'Maldives', - 'Mali', - 'Malta', - 'Marshall Islands', - 'Mauritania', - 'Mauritius', - 'Mexico', - 'Micronesia', - 'Moldova', - 'Monaco', - 'Mongolia', - 'Morocco', - 'Mozambique', - 'Myanmar', - 'Namibia', - 'Nauru', - 'Nepal', - 'Netherlands', - 'New Zealand', - 'Nicaragua', - 'Niger', - 'Nigeria', - 'Norway', - 'Oman', - 'Pakistan', - 'Palau', - 'Panama', - 'Papua New Guinea', - 'Paraguay', - 'Peru', - 'Philippines', - 'Poland', - 'Portugal', - 'Qatar', - 'Romania', - 'Russia', - 'Rwanda', - 'Saint Kitts and Nevis', - 'Saint Lucia', - 'Saint Vincent', - 'Samoa', - 'San Marino', - 'Sao Tome and Principe', - 'Saudi Arabia', - 'Senegal', - 'Serbia and Montenegro', - 'Seychelles', - 'Sierra Leone', - 'Singapore', - 'Slovakia', - 'Slovenia', - 'Solomon Islands', - 'Somalia', - 'South Africa', - 'Spain', - 'Sri Lanka', - 'Sudan', - 'Suriname', - 'Swaziland', - 'Sweden', - 'Switzerland', - 'Syria', - 'Taiwan', - 'Tajikistan', - 'Tanzania', - 'Thailand', - 'Togo', - 'Tonga', - 'Trinidad and Tobago', - 'Tunisia', - 'Turkey', - 'Turkmenistan', - 'Tuvalu', - 'Uganda', - 'Ukraine', - 'United Arab Emirates', - 'United Kingdom', - 'United States', - 'Uruguay', - 'Uzbekistan', - 'Vanuatu', - 'Vatican City', - 'Venezuela', - 'Vietnam', - 'Yemen', - 'Zambia', - 'Zimbabwe', -]; \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/30-days-of-python/11_Funciones/01_funcion.py b/30-days-of-python/11_Funciones/01_funcion.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..29cdc15 --- /dev/null +++ b/30-days-of-python/11_Funciones/01_funcion.py @@ -0,0 +1,228 @@ +""" +01_funcion.py +""" +import math + +# Ejercicios: Nivel 1 + +# 1. Declara una función llamada add_two_numbers. +# Toma dos parámetros y devuelve la suma. + + +def add_two_numbers(a, b): + return a + b + + +print(f"La suma de los parámetros es igual a {add_two_numbers(2, 3)}") + +# 2. El área de un círculo se calcula de la siguiente manera: +# área = π x r x r. +# Escribe una función que calcule area_of_circle. + + +def area_of_circle(r): + return math.pi * r * r + + +radio = 5 +print( + f"El área del círculo con el radio {radio} es igual a {area_of_circle(radio)}") + + +# 3. Escribe una función llamada add_all_nums que tome +# un número arbitrario de argumentos y sume todos los argumentos. +# Verifica si todos los elementos de la lista son de tipo numérico. +# Si no lo son, proporciona un mensaje de retroalimentación razonable. + + +def add_all_nums(*args): + total = 0 + for num in args: + if isinstance(num, (int, float)): + total += num + + else: + return "No todos los elementos son numéricos" + return f"La suma de los parámetros es igual a {total}" + + +print(f"{add_all_nums(1, 2, 3, 4, '5')}") + +# 4. La temperatura en °C se puede convertir a °F +# utilizando la siguiente fórmula: +# °F = (°C x 9/5) + 32. +# Escribe una función que convierta de °C a °F, +# convert_celsius_to_fahrenheit. + + +def convert_celsius_to_fahrenheit(celsius): + return (celsius * 9/5) + 32 + + +temperatura = 36 +print( + f"La temperatura de {temperatura} °C en fahrenheit es igual a {convert_celsius_to_fahrenheit(temperatura)}") + +# 5. Escribe una función llamada check_season. +# Toma un parámetro de mes y devuelve la estación: +# Otoño, Invierno, Primavera o Verano. + + +def check_season(month): + if month in [12, 1, 2]: + return "Invierno" + elif month in [3, 4, 5]: + return "Primavera" + elif month in [6, 7, 8]: + return "Verano" + elif month in [9, 10, 11]: + return "Otoño" + else: + return "Mes no válido" + + +mes = 1 +print(f"El mes {mes} es de {check_season(mes)}") + +# 6. Escribe una función llamada calculate_slope +# que devuelva la pendiente de una ecuación lineal. + + +def calculate_slope(x1, y1, x2, y2): + return (y2 - y1) / (x2 - x1) + + +print( + f"La pendiente de la ecuación lineal es igual a {calculate_slope(2, 3, 6, 7)}") + +# 7. La ecuación cuadrática se calcula de la siguiente manera: ax² + bx + c = 0. +# Escribe una función que calcule el conjunto de soluciones de una ecuación cuadrática, solve_quadratic_eqn. + + +def solve_quadratic_eqn(a, b, c): + discriminant = b**2 - 4*a*c + if discriminant > 0: + x1 = (-b + math.sqrt(discriminant)) / (2*a) + x2 = (-b - math.sqrt(discriminant)) / (2*a) + return (x1, x2) + elif discriminant == 0: + x1 = -b / (2*a) + return (x1,) + else: + return "No hay soluciones reales" + + +print( + f"Las soluciones de la ecuación cuadrática son {solve_quadratic_eqn(5, 8, 1)}") + +# 8. Declara una función llamada print_list. +# Toma una lista como parámetro +# y imprime cada elemento de la lista. + + +def print_list(my_list): + for item in my_list: + print(f" - {item}") + + +lista_frutas = ["Manzana", "Pera", "Naranja", "Plátano", "Kiwi"] +print_list(lista_frutas) + +# 9. Declara una función llamada reverse_list. +# Toma un arreglo como parámetro +# y devuelve el arreglo invertido (usa bucles). + + +def reverse_list(my_list): + reversed_list = [] + i = len(my_list) - 1 + while i >= 0: + reversed_list.append(my_list[i]) + i -= 1 + return reversed_list + + +lista_numeros = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] +lista_letras = ["A", "B", "C"] +print(reverse_list(lista_numeros)) +print(reverse_list(lista_letras)) + + +# 10. Declara una función llamada +# capitalize_list_items. +# Toma una lista como parámetro +# y devuelve una lista de elementos en mayúsculas. + + +def capitalize_list_items(my_list): + return [item.upper() for item in my_list] + + +print(capitalize_list_items(lista_frutas)) + +# 11. Declara una función llamada add_item. +# Toma una lista y un parámetro de elemento. +# Devuelve una lista con el elemento agregado al final. + + +def add_item(my_list, item): + my_list.append(item) + return my_list + + +print(add_item(lista_frutas, "Melón")) +print(add_item(lista_numeros, 6)) + +# 12. Declara una función llamada remove_item. +# Toma una lista y un parámetro de elemento. +# Devuelve una lista con el elemento eliminado de ella. + + +def remove_item(my_list, item): + if item in my_list: + my_list.remove(item) + return my_list + + +print(remove_item(lista_frutas, "Pera")) +print(remove_item(lista_numeros, 2)) + +# 13. Declara una función llamada sum_of_numbers. +# Toma un número como parámetro +# y suma todos los números en ese rango. + + +def sum_of_numbers(n): + return sum(range(1, n+1)) + + +print(sum_of_numbers(7)) + +# 14. Declara una función llamada sum_of_odds. +# Toma un número como parámetro +# y suma todos los números impares en ese rango. + + +def sum_of_odds(n): + sum = 0 + for i in range(1, n+1, 2): + sum += i + return sum + + +print(sum_of_odds(7)) + + +# 15. Declara una función llamada sum_of_even. +# Toma un número como parámetro +# y suma todos los números pares en ese rango. + + +def sum_of_even(n): + sum = 0 + for i in range(2, n+1, 2): + sum += i + return sum + + +print(sum_of_even(7)) diff --git a/30-days-of-python/11_Funciones/02_funcion.py b/30-days-of-python/11_Funciones/02_funcion.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..fac5f9e --- /dev/null +++ b/30-days-of-python/11_Funciones/02_funcion.py @@ -0,0 +1,116 @@ +""" +02_funcion.py +""" + + +# Ejercicios: Nivel 2 + +# 1. Declara una función llamada evens_and_odds. +# Toma un número entero positivo como parámetro +# y cuenta el número de pares e impares en ese número. + + +def evens_and_odds(n): + evens = 0 + odds = 0 + for i in range(1, n+1): + if i % 2 == 0: + evens += 1 + else: + odds += 1 + return f"El número de impares es {odds}.\nEl número de pares es {evens}." + + +print(evens_and_odds(101)) + +# 2. Llama a tu función factorial, +# toma un número entero como parámetro +# y devuelve el factorial de ese número. + + +def factorial(n): + if n == 0: + return 1 + else: + return n * factorial(n-1) + + +num_factorial = 5 +print(f"El factorial de {num_factorial} es {factorial(num_factorial)}.") + +# 3. Llama a tu función is_empty, +# toma un parámetro +# y verifica si está vacío o no. + + +def is_empty(item): + if not item: + return "La variable está vacía." + else: + return "La variable no está vacía." + + +print(is_empty("")) + +# 4. Escribe diferentes funciones que tomen listas. +# Deben calcular la media, mediana, moda, rango, +# varianza y desviación estándar. +# Las funciones se llaman calculate_mean, +# calculate_median, calculate_mode, +# calculate_range, calculate_variance +# y calculate_std (desviación estándar). + + +def calculate_mean(my_list): + return sum(my_list) / len(my_list) + + +def calculate_median(my_list): + sorted_list = sorted(my_list) + n = len(my_list) + if n % 2 == 0: + return (sorted_list[n//2-1] + sorted_list[n//2]) / 2 + else: + return sorted_list[n//2] + + +def calculate_mode(my_list): + freq_dict = {} + for num in my_list: + if num in freq_dict: + freq_dict[num] += 1 + else: + freq_dict[num] = 1 + max_freq = max(freq_dict.values()) + mode_list = [num for num, freq in freq_dict.items() if freq == max_freq] + if len(mode_list) == len(my_list): + return None + elif len(mode_list) == 1: + return mode_list[0] + else: + return mode_list + + +def calculate_range(my_list): + return max(my_list) - min(my_list) + + +def calculate_variance(my_list): + mean = calculate_mean(my_list) + return sum([(x - mean)**2 for x in my_list]) / (len(my_list) - 1) + + +def calculate_std(my_list): + return calculate_variance(my_list) ** 0.5 + + +my_list = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9] + +print(f"""De la lista {my_list} obtenemos: + - Media: {calculate_mean(my_list)} + - Mediana: {calculate_median(my_list)} + - Moda: {calculate_mode(my_list)} + - Rango: {calculate_range(my_list)} + - Varianza: {calculate_variance(my_list)} + - Desviación estándar: {calculate_std(my_list)} +""") diff --git a/30-days-of-python/11_Funciones/03_funcion.py b/30-days-of-python/11_Funciones/03_funcion.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..9749fb8 --- /dev/null +++ b/30-days-of-python/11_Funciones/03_funcion.py @@ -0,0 +1,133 @@ +""" +03_funcion.py +""" +import countries_data + +# Ejercicios: Nivel 3 + +# 1. Escribe una función llamada is_prime +# que compruebe si un número es primo. + + +def is_prime(num): + if num <= 1: + return "No" + elif num == 2: + return "Sí" + elif num % 2 == 0: + return "No" + else: + for i in range(3, int(num**0.5) + 1, 2): + if num % i == 0: + return "No" + return "Sí" + + +numero_primo = 19 + +print(f"¿El número {numero_primo} es primo? {is_prime(numero_primo)}") + +# 2. Escribe una función que compruebe +# si todos los elementos de una lista son únicos. + + +def are_elements_unique(my_list): + if len(my_list) == len(set(my_list)): + return "Sí" + else: + return "No" + + +lista_elementos = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10] +print( + f"¿Los elementos de la lista {lista_elementos} son únicos? {are_elements_unique(lista_elementos)}") + +# 3. Escribe una función que compruebe +# si todos los elementos de una lista +# son del mismo tipo de dato. + + +def are_elements_same_type(my_list): + first_type = type(my_list[0]) + if not my_list: + return "Esto no es una lista." + elif all(isinstance(x, first_type) for x in my_list): + return "Sí" + else: + return "No" + + +print( + f"¿Los elementos de la lista {lista_elementos} son del mismo tipo de dato? {are_elements_same_type(lista_elementos)}") + +# 4. Escribe una función que compruebe +# si una variable proporcionada +# es una variable válida en Python. + + +def is_valid_variable_name(variable_name): + try: + exec(f"{variable_name} = None") + del locals()[variable_name] + return "Sí" + except: + return "No" + + +print( + f"¿La variable 'variable_name' es válida? {is_valid_variable_name('variable_name')}") + +# 5. Ve a la carpeta de datos +# y accede al archivo countries-data.py. +# Crea una función llamada +# most_spoken_languages_in_the_world. +# Debe devolver las 10 o 20 lenguas +# más habladas en orden descendente. +# Crea una función llamada +# most_populated_countries. +# Debe devolver los 10 o 20 países +# más poblados en orden descendente. +# Suponiendo que los datos están almacenados +# en una lista llamada "countries_data". + + +# Función para obtener las lenguas +# más habladas en el mundo. + +def most_spoken_languages_in_the_world(): + all_languages = [] + for country in countries_data.countries_data: + all_languages.extend(country['languages']) + + language_count = {} + + for language in all_languages: + if language in language_count: + language_count[language] += 1 + else: + language_count[language] = 1 + + sorted_languages = sorted(language_count.items(), + key=lambda x: x[1], + reverse=True)[:10] + + language_list = [f"{i+1}. {language[0]}" for i, + language in enumerate(sorted_languages)] + return "\n".join(language_list) + + +print(most_spoken_languages_in_the_world()) + +# Función para obtener los países +# más poblados en el mundo. + + +def most_populated_countries(): + sorted_countries = sorted( + countries_data.countries_data, key=lambda x: x['population'], reverse=True)[:10] + country_list = [f"{i+1}. {country['name']}" for i, + country in enumerate(sorted_countries)] + return "\n".join(country_list) + + +print(most_populated_countries()) diff --git a/30-days-of-python/11_Funciones/countries_data.py b/30-days-of-python/11_Funciones/countries_data.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..016f154 --- /dev/null +++ b/30-days-of-python/11_Funciones/countries_data.py @@ -0,0 +1,2620 @@ +countries_data = [ + { + "name": "Afghanistan", + "capital": "Kabul", + "languages": [ + "Pashto", + "Uzbek", + "Turkmen" + ], + "population": 27657145, + "flag": "https://restcountries.eu/data/afg.svg", + "currency": "Afghan afghani" + }, + { + "name": "Åland Islands", + "capital": "Mariehamn", + "languages": [ + "Swedish" + ], + "population": 28875, + "flag": "https://restcountries.eu/data/ala.svg", + "currency": "Euro" + }, + { + "name": "Albania", + "capital": "Tirana", + "languages": [ + "Albanian" + ], + "population": 2886026, + "flag": "https://restcountries.eu/data/alb.svg", + "currency": "Albanian lek" + }, + { + "name": "Algeria", + "capital": "Algiers", + "languages": [ + "Arabic" + ], + "population": 40400000, + "flag": "https://restcountries.eu/data/dza.svg", + "currency": "Algerian dinar" + }, + { + "name": "American Samoa", + "capital": "Pago Pago", + "languages": [ + "English", + "Samoan" + ], + "population": 57100, + "flag": "https://restcountries.eu/data/asm.svg", + "currency": "United State Dollar" + }, + { + "name": "Andorra", + "capital": "Andorra la Vella", + "languages": [ + "Catalan" + ], + "population": 78014, + "flag": "https://restcountries.eu/data/and.svg", + "currency": "Euro" + }, + { + "name": "Angola", + "capital": "Luanda", + "languages": [ + "Portuguese" + ], + "population": 25868000, + "flag": "https://restcountries.eu/data/ago.svg", + "currency": "Angolan kwanza" + }, + { + "name": "Anguilla", + "capital": "The Valley", + "languages": [ + "English" + ], + "population": 13452, + "flag": "https://restcountries.eu/data/aia.svg", + "currency": "East Caribbean dollar" + }, + { + "name": "Antarctica", + "capital": "", + "languages": [ + "English", + "Russian" + ], + "population": 1000, + "flag": "https://restcountries.eu/data/ata.svg", + "currency": "Australian dollar" + }, + { + "name": "Antigua and Barbuda", + "capital": "Saint John's", + "languages": [ + "English" + ], + "population": 86295, + "flag": "https://restcountries.eu/data/atg.svg", + "currency": "East Caribbean dollar" + }, + { + "name": "Argentina", + "capital": "Buenos Aires", + "languages": [ + "Spanish", + "Guaraní" + ], + "population": 43590400, + "flag": "https://restcountries.eu/data/arg.svg", + "currency": "Argentine peso" + }, + { + "name": "Armenia", + "capital": "Yerevan", + "languages": [ + "Armenian", + "Russian" + ], + "population": 2994400, + "flag": "https://restcountries.eu/data/arm.svg", + "currency": "Armenian dram" + }, + { + "name": "Aruba", + "capital": "Oranjestad", + "languages": [ + "Dutch", + "(Eastern) Punjabi" + ], + "population": 107394, + "flag": "https://restcountries.eu/data/abw.svg", + "currency": "Aruban florin" + }, + { + "name": "Australia", + "capital": "Canberra", + "languages": [ + "English" + ], + "population": 24117360, + "flag": "https://restcountries.eu/data/aus.svg", + "currency": "Australian dollar" + }, + { + "name": "Austria", + "capital": "Vienna", + "languages": [ + "German" + ], + "population": 8725931, + "flag": "https://restcountries.eu/data/aut.svg", + "currency": "Euro" + }, + { + "name": "Azerbaijan", + "capital": "Baku", + "languages": [ + "Azerbaijani" + ], + "population": 9730500, + "flag": "https://restcountries.eu/data/aze.svg", + "currency": "Azerbaijani manat" + }, + { + "name": "Bahamas", + "capital": "Nassau", + "languages": [ + "English" + ], + "population": 378040, + "flag": "https://restcountries.eu/data/bhs.svg", + "currency": "Bahamian dollar" + }, + { + "name": "Bahrain", + "capital": "Manama", + "languages": [ + "Arabic" + ], + "population": 1404900, + "flag": "https://restcountries.eu/data/bhr.svg", + "currency": "Bahraini dinar" + }, + { + "name": "Bangladesh", + "capital": "Dhaka", + "languages": [ + "Bengali" + ], + "population": 161006790, + "flag": "https://restcountries.eu/data/bgd.svg", + "currency": "Bangladeshi taka" + }, + { + "name": "Barbados", + "capital": "Bridgetown", + "languages": [ + "English" + ], + "population": 285000, + "flag": "https://restcountries.eu/data/brb.svg", + "currency": "Barbadian dollar" + }, + { + "name": "Belarus", + "capital": "Minsk", + "languages": [ + "Belarusian", + "Russian" + ], + "population": 9498700, + "flag": "https://restcountries.eu/data/blr.svg", + "currency": 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