From e1121c9826cc2c72e6474ee35d1ee23517c6d659 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Manuel Vergara Date: Thu, 28 Sep 2023 00:02:42 +0200 Subject: [PATCH] Add exercises 14 Signed-off-by: Manuel Vergara --- .../01_func_sup.py | 105 + .../02_func_sup.py | 195 ++ .../03_func_sup.py | 61 + .../14_Funciones_de_orden_superior/README.md | 6 + .../countries.py | 195 ++ .../countries_data.py | 2620 +++++++++++++++++ 6 files changed, 3182 insertions(+) create mode 100644 30-days-of-python/14_Funciones_de_orden_superior/01_func_sup.py create mode 100644 30-days-of-python/14_Funciones_de_orden_superior/02_func_sup.py create mode 100644 30-days-of-python/14_Funciones_de_orden_superior/03_func_sup.py create mode 100644 30-days-of-python/14_Funciones_de_orden_superior/countries.py create mode 100644 30-days-of-python/14_Funciones_de_orden_superior/countries_data.py diff --git a/30-days-of-python/14_Funciones_de_orden_superior/01_func_sup.py b/30-days-of-python/14_Funciones_de_orden_superior/01_func_sup.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..1ef2c77 --- /dev/null +++ b/30-days-of-python/14_Funciones_de_orden_superior/01_func_sup.py @@ -0,0 +1,105 @@ +""" +01_func_sup.py +""" + + +# Ejercicios: Nivel 1 + + +# 1. Explica la diferencia entre map, filter y reduce. + +# map, filter y reduce son funciones integradas en Python +# que se utilizan para procesar y transformar datos. + +# map toma una función y una secuencia +# y aplica la función a cada elemento de la secuencia, +# devolviendo una nueva secuencia con los resultados. + +# filter toma una función y una secuencia +# y devuelve una nueva secuencia +# que contiene solo los elementos de la secuencia original +# para los cuales la función devuelve True. + +# reduce toma una función y una secuencia +# y aplica la función a los elementos de la secuencia +# de izquierda a derecha, reduciendo la secuencia a un solo valor. + + +# 2. Explica la diferencia entre función +# de orden superior, cierre y decorador. + +# Una función de orden superior es una función +# que toma una o más funciones como argumentos +# y/o devuelve una función como resultado. + +# Un cierre es una función +# que recuerda el estado +# de su entorno léxico cuando se define +# y puede acceder a ese estado +# incluso cuando se llama en un entorno diferente. + +# Un decorador es una función +# que toma otra función +# y extiende o modifica su comportamiento +# sin cambiar su código fuente. + + +# 3. Define una función de llamada antes de map, filter o reduce, +# mira los ejemplos. + +# map +from functools import reduce + + +def double(x): + return x * 2 + + +numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] +doubled_numbers = list(map(double, numbers)) + +print(doubled_numbers) + + +# filter +def is_even(x): + return x % 2 == 0 + + +even_numbers = list(filter(is_even, numbers)) + +print(even_numbers) + +# reduce + + +def add(x, y): + return x + y + + +sum = reduce(add, numbers) + +print(sum) + + +# 4. Usa un bucle for para imprimir cada país +# en la lista de países. + +countries = ["Spain", "France", "Germany", "Italy"] + +for country in countries: + print(country) + +# 5. Usa un bucle for para imprimir cada nombre +# en la lista de nombres. + +names = ["Alice", "Bob", "Charlie", "David"] + +for name in names: + print(name) + +# 6. Usa un bucle for para imprimir cada número +# en la lista de números. + +for number in numbers: + print(number) diff --git a/30-days-of-python/14_Funciones_de_orden_superior/02_func_sup.py b/30-days-of-python/14_Funciones_de_orden_superior/02_func_sup.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..e66b2be --- /dev/null +++ b/30-days-of-python/14_Funciones_de_orden_superior/02_func_sup.py @@ -0,0 +1,195 @@ +""" +02_func_sup.py +""" +from functools import reduce +import countries +# Ejercicios: Nivel 2 + + +# 1. Usa map para crear una nueva lista +# cambiando cada país a mayúsculas +# en la lista de países. + + +upper_countries = list(map(str.upper, countries.countries)) + +print(upper_countries) + +print() + +# 2. Usa map para crear una nueva lista +# cambiando cada número por su cuadrado +# en la lista de números. + +numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] +squared_numbers = list(map(lambda x: x ** 2, numbers)) + +print(squared_numbers) + +print() + +# 3. Usa map para cambiar +# cada nombre a mayúsculas +# en la lista de nombres. + +names = ["Alice", "Bob", "Charlie", "David"] +upper_names = list(map(str.upper, names)) + +print(upper_names) + +print() + +# 4. Usa filter para filtrar +# los países que contengan 'land'. + +land_countries = list(filter(lambda x: "land" in x, countries.countries)) + +print(land_countries) + +print() + +# 5. Usa filter para filtrar los países +# que tengan exactamente seis caracteres. + +six_letter_countries = list(filter(lambda x: len(x) == 6, countries.countries)) + +print(six_letter_countries) + +print() + +# 6. Usa filter para filtrar los países +# que contengan seis letras +# o más en la lista de países. + +long_countries = list(filter(lambda x: len(x) >= 6, countries.countries)) + +print(long_countries) + +print() + +# 7. Usa filter para filtrar los países +# que comiencen con 'E'. + +e_countries = list(filter(lambda x: x.startswith("E"), countries.countries)) + +print(e_countries) + +print() + +# 8. Encadena dos o más iteradores de lista +# (por ejemplo, +# arr.map(callback).filter(callback).reduce(callback)). + +numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] +result = list(map(lambda x: x ** 2, filter(lambda x: x % 2 == 0, numbers))) + +print(result) + +print() + +# 9. Declara una función llamada get_string_lists +# que tome una lista como parámetro +# y luego devuelva una lista que contenga +# solo elementos de tipo cadena. + + +def get_string_lists(lst): + return list(filter(lambda x: isinstance(x, str), lst)) + + +mixed_list = [1, "hello", 2, "world", 3] +string_list = get_string_lists(mixed_list) + +print(string_list) + +print() + +# 10. Usa reduce para sumar todos los números +# en la lista de números. + + +numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] +sum = reduce(lambda x, y: x + y, numbers) + +print(sum) + +print() + +# 11. Usa reduce para concatenar todos los países +# y producir la siguiente oración: +# Estonia, Finlandia, Suecia, Dinamarca, Noruega e Islandia son países del norte de Europa. + +sentence = reduce(lambda x, y: x + ", " + y, countries.countries) + +print(sentence + " son países del norte de Europa.") + +print() + +# 12. Declara una función llamada categorize_countries +# que devuelva una lista de países +# con algún patrón común de countries.py + + +def categorize_countries(): + patterns = ["land", "ia", "island", "stan"] + categorized_countries = [] + for pattern in patterns: + matching_countries = list( + filter(lambda x: pattern in x.lower(), countries.countries)) + categorized_countries.append(matching_countries) + + return categorized_countries + + +print(categorize_countries()) + +print() + +# 13. Crea una función que devuelva un diccionario, +# donde las claves sean las letras iniciales de los países +# y los valores sean la cantidad de nombres de países +# que comienzan con esa letra. + + +def count_countries_by_initial(): + counts = {} + for country in countries.countries: + initial = country[0] + if initial in counts: + counts[initial] += 1 + else: + counts[initial] = 1 + return counts + + +print(count_countries_by_initial()) + +print() + +# 14. Declara una función llamada get_first_ten_countries +# que devuelva una lista de los primeros diez países +# de la lista de países. + + +def get_first_ten_countries(): + + return countries.countries[:10] + + +print(get_first_ten_countries()) + +print() + +# 15. Declara una función llamada get_last_ten_countries +# que devuelva los últimos diez países +# en la lista de países. + + +def get_last_ten_countries(): + + return countries.countries[-10:] + + +print(get_last_ten_countries()) + +print() diff --git a/30-days-of-python/14_Funciones_de_orden_superior/03_func_sup.py b/30-days-of-python/14_Funciones_de_orden_superior/03_func_sup.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..90681e8 --- /dev/null +++ b/30-days-of-python/14_Funciones_de_orden_superior/03_func_sup.py @@ -0,0 +1,61 @@ +""" +03_func_sup.py +""" +import countries_data +from collections import Counter + +# Ejercicios: Nivel 3 + +# 1. Usa el archivo [countries_data.py](https://github.com/Asabeneh/30-Days-Of-Python/blob/master/data/countries-data.py) y sigue las siguientes tareas: +# - Ordena los países por nombre, capital y población. + +sorted_by_name = sorted(countries_data.countries, + key=lambda country: country['name']) + +sorted_by_capital = sorted( + countries_data.countries, + key=lambda country: country['capital'] +) + +sorted_by_population = sorted( + countries_data.countries, + key=lambda country: country['population'], + reverse=True +) + +# Filtra los diez idiomas más hablados por ubicación + +all_languages = [] +for country in countries_data.countries: + all_languages.extend(country['languages']) + +# Calcula las frecuencias de cada idioma +language_counts = Counter(all_languages) + +# Obtiene los diez idiomas más hablados +top_10_languages = language_counts.most_common(10) + +# Filtra los diez países más poblados +top_10_population = sorted( + countries_data.countries, key=lambda country: country['population'], reverse=True)[:10] + +# Imprime los resultados +print("## Países ordenados por nombre:") +for country in sorted_by_name: + print(country['name']) + +print("\n## Países ordenados por capital:") +for country in sorted_by_capital: + print(country['name'], "-", country['capital']) + +print("\n## Países ordenados por población:") +for country in sorted_by_population: + print(country['name'], "-", country['population']) + +print("\n## Los diez idiomas más hablados por ubicación:") +for language, count in top_10_languages: + print(language, "-", count) + +print("\n## Los diez países más poblados:") +for country in top_10_population: + print(country['name'], "-", country['population']) diff --git a/30-days-of-python/14_Funciones_de_orden_superior/README.md b/30-days-of-python/14_Funciones_de_orden_superior/README.md index 7c896c5..1ff0120 100644 --- a/30-days-of-python/14_Funciones_de_orden_superior/README.md +++ b/30-days-of-python/14_Funciones_de_orden_superior/README.md @@ -19,6 +19,8 @@ numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10] 5. Usa un bucle for para imprimir cada nombre en la lista de nombres. 6. Usa un bucle for para imprimir cada número en la lista de números. +[Solución](01_func_sup.py) + ### Ejercicios: Nivel 2 1. Usa map para crear una nueva lista cambiando cada país a mayúsculas en la lista de países. @@ -37,6 +39,8 @@ numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10] 14. Declara una función llamada get_first_ten_countries que devuelva una lista de los primeros diez países de la lista de países. 15. Declara una función llamada get_last_ten_countries que devuelva los últimos diez países en la lista de países. +[Solución](02_func_sup.py) + ### Ejercicios: Nivel 3 1. Usa el archivo [countries_data.py](https://github.com/Asabeneh/30-Days-Of-Python/blob/master/data/countries-data.py) y sigue las siguientes tareas: @@ -44,4 +48,6 @@ numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10] - Filtra los diez idiomas más hablados por ubicación. - Filtra los diez países más poblados. +[Solución](03_func_sup.py) + [<< Day 13](../13_Comprensión_de_listas/README.md) | [Day 15 >>](../15_Errores_de_tipo_en_Python/README.md) diff --git a/30-days-of-python/14_Funciones_de_orden_superior/countries.py b/30-days-of-python/14_Funciones_de_orden_superior/countries.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..31a3500 --- /dev/null +++ b/30-days-of-python/14_Funciones_de_orden_superior/countries.py @@ -0,0 +1,195 @@ +countries = [ + 'Afghanistan', + 'Albania', + 'Algeria', + 'Andorra', + 'Angola', + 'Antigua and Barbuda', + 'Argentina', + 'Armenia', + 'Australia', + 'Austria', + 'Azerbaijan', + 'Bahamas', + 'Bahrain', + 'Bangladesh', + 'Barbados', + 'Belarus', + 'Belgium', + 'Belize', + 'Benin', + 'Bhutan', + 'Bolivia', + 'Bosnia and Herzegovina', + 'Botswana', + 'Brazil', + 'Brunei', + 'Bulgaria', + 'Burkina Faso', + 'Burundi', + 'Cambodia', + 'Cameroon', + 'Canada', + 'Cape Verde', + 'Central African Republic', + 'Chad', + 'Chile', + 'China', + 'Colombi', + 'Comoros', + 'Congo (Brazzaville)', + 'Congo', + 'Costa Rica', + "Cote d'Ivoire", + 'Croatia', + 'Cuba', + 'Cyprus', + 'Czech Republic', + 'Denmark', + 'Djibouti', + 'Dominica', + 'Dominican Republic', + 'East Timor (Timor Timur)', + 'Ecuador', + 'Egypt', + 'El Salvador', + 'Equatorial Guinea', + 'Eritrea', + 'Estonia', + 'Ethiopia', + 'Fiji', + 'Finland', + 'France', + 'Gabon', + 'Gambia, The', + 'Georgia', + 'Germany', + 'Ghana', + 'Greece', + 'Grenada', + 'Guatemala', + 'Guinea', + 'Guinea-Bissau', + 'Guyana', + 'Haiti', + 'Honduras', + 'Hungary', + 'Iceland', + 'India', + 'Indonesia', + 'Iran', + 'Iraq', + 'Ireland', + 'Israel', + 'Italy', + 'Jamaica', + 'Japan', + 'Jordan', + 'Kazakhstan', + 'Kenya', + 'Kiribati', + 'Korea, North', + 'Korea, South', + 'Kuwait', + 'Kyrgyzstan', + 'Laos', + 'Latvia', + 'Lebanon', + 'Lesotho', + 'Liberia', + 'Libya', + 'Liechtenstein', + 'Lithuania', + 'Luxembourg', + 'Macedonia', + 'Madagascar', + 'Malawi', + 'Malaysia', + 'Maldives', + 'Mali', + 'Malta', + 'Marshall Islands', + 'Mauritania', + 'Mauritius', + 'Mexico', + 'Micronesia', + 'Moldova', + 'Monaco', + 'Mongolia', + 'Morocco', + 'Mozambique', + 'Myanmar', + 'Namibia', + 'Nauru', + 'Nepal', + 'Netherlands', + 'New Zealand', + 'Nicaragua', + 'Niger', + 'Nigeria', + 'Norway', + 'Oman', + 'Pakistan', + 'Palau', + 'Panama', + 'Papua New Guinea', + 'Paraguay', + 'Peru', + 'Philippines', + 'Poland', + 'Portugal', + 'Qatar', + 'Romania', + 'Russia', + 'Rwanda', + 'Saint Kitts and Nevis', + 'Saint Lucia', + 'Saint Vincent', + 'Samoa', + 'San Marino', + 'Sao Tome and Principe', + 'Saudi Arabia', + 'Senegal', + 'Serbia and Montenegro', + 'Seychelles', + 'Sierra Leone', + 'Singapore', + 'Slovakia', + 'Slovenia', + 'Solomon Islands', + 'Somalia', + 'South Africa', + 'Spain', + 'Sri Lanka', + 'Sudan', + 'Suriname', + 'Swaziland', + 'Sweden', + 'Switzerland', + 'Syria', + 'Taiwan', + 'Tajikistan', + 'Tanzania', + 'Thailand', + 'Togo', + 'Tonga', + 'Trinidad and Tobago', + 'Tunisia', + 'Turkey', + 'Turkmenistan', + 'Tuvalu', + 'Uganda', + 'Ukraine', + 'United Arab Emirates', + 'United Kingdom', + 'United States', + 'Uruguay', + 'Uzbekistan', + 'Vanuatu', + 'Vatican City', + 'Venezuela', + 'Vietnam', + 'Yemen', + 'Zambia', + 'Zimbabwe', +] diff --git a/30-days-of-python/14_Funciones_de_orden_superior/countries_data.py b/30-days-of-python/14_Funciones_de_orden_superior/countries_data.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..3966ac1 --- /dev/null +++ b/30-days-of-python/14_Funciones_de_orden_superior/countries_data.py @@ -0,0 +1,2620 @@ +countries = [ + { + "name": "Afghanistan", + "capital": "Kabul", + "languages": [ + "Pashto", + "Uzbek", + "Turkmen" + ], + "population": 27657145, + "flag": "https://restcountries.eu/data/afg.svg", + "currency": "Afghan afghani" + }, + { + "name": "Åland Islands", + "capital": "Mariehamn", + "languages": [ + "Swedish" + ], + "population": 28875, + "flag": "https://restcountries.eu/data/ala.svg", + "currency": "Euro" + }, + { + "name": "Albania", + "capital": "Tirana", + "languages": [ + "Albanian" + ], + "population": 2886026, + "flag": "https://restcountries.eu/data/alb.svg", + "currency": "Albanian lek" + }, + { + "name": "Algeria", + "capital": "Algiers", + "languages": [ + "Arabic" + ], + "population": 40400000, + "flag": "https://restcountries.eu/data/dza.svg", + "currency": "Algerian dinar" + }, + { + "name": "American Samoa", + "capital": "Pago Pago", + "languages": [ + "English", + "Samoan" + ], + "population": 57100, + "flag": "https://restcountries.eu/data/asm.svg", + "currency": "United State Dollar" + }, + { + "name": "Andorra", + "capital": "Andorra la Vella", + "languages": [ + "Catalan" + ], + "population": 78014, + "flag": "https://restcountries.eu/data/and.svg", + "currency": "Euro" + }, + { + "name": "Angola", + "capital": "Luanda", + "languages": [ + "Portuguese" + ], + "population": 25868000, + "flag": "https://restcountries.eu/data/ago.svg", + "currency": "Angolan kwanza" + }, + { + "name": "Anguilla", + "capital": "The Valley", + "languages": [ + "English" + ], + "population": 13452, + "flag": "https://restcountries.eu/data/aia.svg", + "currency": "East Caribbean dollar" + }, + { + "name": "Antarctica", + "capital": "", + "languages": [ + "English", + "Russian" + ], + "population": 1000, + "flag": "https://restcountries.eu/data/ata.svg", + "currency": "Australian dollar" + }, + { + "name": "Antigua and Barbuda", + "capital": "Saint John's", + "languages": [ + "English" + ], + "population": 86295, + "flag": "https://restcountries.eu/data/atg.svg", + "currency": "East Caribbean dollar" + }, + { + "name": "Argentina", + "capital": "Buenos Aires", + "languages": [ + "Spanish", + "Guaraní" + ], + "population": 43590400, + "flag": "https://restcountries.eu/data/arg.svg", + "currency": "Argentine peso" + }, + { + "name": "Armenia", + "capital": "Yerevan", + "languages": [ + "Armenian", + "Russian" + ], + "population": 2994400, + "flag": "https://restcountries.eu/data/arm.svg", + "currency": "Armenian dram" + }, + { + "name": "Aruba", + "capital": "Oranjestad", + "languages": [ + "Dutch", + "(Eastern) Punjabi" + ], + "population": 107394, + "flag": "https://restcountries.eu/data/abw.svg", + "currency": "Aruban florin" + }, + { + "name": "Australia", + "capital": "Canberra", + "languages": [ + "English" + ], + "population": 24117360, + "flag": "https://restcountries.eu/data/aus.svg", + "currency": "Australian dollar" + }, + { + "name": "Austria", + "capital": "Vienna", + "languages": [ + "German" + ], + "population": 8725931, + "flag": "https://restcountries.eu/data/aut.svg", + "currency": "Euro" + }, + { + "name": "Azerbaijan", + "capital": "Baku", + "languages": [ + "Azerbaijani" + ], + "population": 9730500, + "flag": "https://restcountries.eu/data/aze.svg", + "currency": "Azerbaijani manat" + }, + { + "name": "Bahamas", + "capital": "Nassau", + "languages": [ + "English" + ], + "population": 378040, + "flag": "https://restcountries.eu/data/bhs.svg", + "currency": "Bahamian dollar" + }, + { + "name": "Bahrain", + "capital": "Manama", + "languages": [ + "Arabic" + ], + "population": 1404900, + "flag": "https://restcountries.eu/data/bhr.svg", + "currency": "Bahraini dinar" + }, + { + "name": "Bangladesh", + "capital": "Dhaka", + "languages": [ + "Bengali" + ], + "population": 161006790, + "flag": "https://restcountries.eu/data/bgd.svg", + "currency": "Bangladeshi taka" + }, + { + "name": "Barbados", + "capital": "Bridgetown", + "languages": [ + "English" + ], + "population": 285000, + "flag": "https://restcountries.eu/data/brb.svg", + "currency": "Barbadian dollar" + }, + { + "name": "Belarus", + "capital": "Minsk", + "languages": [ + "Belarusian", + "Russian" + ], + "population": 9498700, + "flag": "https://restcountries.eu/data/blr.svg", + "currency": "New Belarusian ruble" + }, + { + "name": "Belgium", + "capital": "Brussels", + "languages": [ + "Dutch", + "French", + "German" + ], + "population": 11319511, + "flag": "https://restcountries.eu/data/bel.svg", + "currency": "Euro" + }, + { + "name": "Belize", + "capital": "Belmopan", + "languages": [ + "English", + "Spanish" + ], + "population": 370300, + "flag": "https://restcountries.eu/data/blz.svg", + "currency": "Belize dollar" + }, + { + "name": "Benin", + "capital": "Porto-Novo", + "languages": [ + "French" + ], + "population": 10653654, + "flag": "https://restcountries.eu/data/ben.svg", + "currency": "West African CFA franc" + }, + { + "name": "Bermuda", + "capital": "Hamilton", + "languages": [ + "English" + ], + "population": 61954, + "flag": "https://restcountries.eu/data/bmu.svg", + "currency": "Bermudian dollar" + }, + { + "name": "Bhutan", + "capital": "Thimphu", + 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