Add a couple of questions

certificates/aws-cloud-practitioner.md

@@ -399,11 +399,21 @@ True
 </b></details>
 
 <details>
-<summary>Given an example of IAM best practices?</summary><br><b>
+<summary>True or False? When creating an AWS account, root account is created by default. This is the recommended account to use and share in your organization</summary><br><b>
 
-* Set up MFA
-* Delete root account access keys
-* Create IAM users instead of using root for daily management
+False. Instead of using the root account, you should be creating users and use them.
+</b></details>
+
+<details>
+<summary>True or False? Groups in AWS IAM, can contain only users and not other groups</summary><br><b>
+
+True
+</b></details>
+
+<details>
+<summary>True or False? Users in AWS IAM, can belong only to a single group</summary><br><b>
+
+False. Users can belong to multiple groups.
 </b></details>
 
 <details>

exercises/aws/create_user.md

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+## IAM AWS - Create a User
+
+### Objectives
+
+As you probably know at this point, it's not recommended to work with the root account in AWS. For this reason you are going to create a new account which you'll use regularly as the admin account.
+
+1. Create a user with password credentials
+2. Add the newly created user to a group called "admin" and attach to it the policy called "Administrator Access"
+3. Make sure the user has a tag called with the key `Role` and the value `DevOps`

exercises/aws/solutions/create_user.md

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+## IAM AWS - Create a User
+
+### Objectives
+
+As you probably know at this point, it's not recommended to work with the root account in AWS. For this reason you are going to create a new account which you'll use regularly as the admin account.
+
+1. Create a user with password credentials
+2. Add the newly created user to a group called "admin" and attach to it the policy called "Administrator Access"
+3. Make sure the user has a tag called with the key `Role` and the value `DevOps`
+
+
+### Solution
+
+1. Go to the AWS IAM service
+2. Click on "Users" in the right side menu (right under "Access Management")
+3. Click on the button "Add users"
+4. Insert the user name (e.g. mario)
+5. Select the credential type: "Password"
+6. Set console password to custom and click on "Next"
+7. Click on "Add user to group"
+8. Insert "admin" as group name
+9. Check the "AdministratorAccess" policy and click on "Create group"
+10. Click on "Next: Tags"
+11. Add a tag with the key `Role` and the value `DevOps`
+12. Click on "Review" and then create on "Create user"

exercises/aws/solutions/password_policy.md

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+## AWS IAM - Password Policy
+
+### Objectives
+
+Create password policy with the following settings:
+
+1. 
+
+### Solution
+
+1. Go to IAM service in AWS
+2. Click on "Account settings" under "Access management"
+3. Click on "Change password policy"

exercises/shell/argument_check.md

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+## Argument Check
+
+### Objectives
+
+Note: assume the script is executed with an argument
+
+1. Write a script that will check if a given argument is the string "pizza"
+ 1. If it's the string "pizza" print "with pineapple?"
+ 2. If it's not the string "pizza" print "I want pizza!"
+
+### Solution
+
+```
+/usr/bin/env bash
+
+arg_value=${1:-default}
+
+if [ $arg_value = "pizza" ]; then
+    echo "with pineapple?"
+else
+    echo "I want pizza!"
+fi
+```

exercises/shell/basic_date.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+## Basic Date
+
+### Objectives
+
+1. Write a script that will put the current date in a file called "the_date.txt"

exercises/shell/count_chars.md

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+## Count Chars
+
+### Objectives
+
+1. Read input from the user until you get empty string
+2. For each of the lines you read, count the number of characters and print it
+
+### Constraints
+
+1. You must use a while loop
+2. Assume at least three lines of input

exercises/shell/directories_comparison.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+## Directories Comparison
+
+### Objectives
+
+1. You are given two directories as arguments and the output should be any difference between the two directories

exercises/shell/empty_files.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+## Empty Files
+
+### Objectives
+
+1. Write a script to remove all the empty files in a given directory (including nested directories)

exercises/shell/factors.md

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+## Shell Scripting - Factors
+
+### Objectives
+
+Write a script that when given a number, will:
+
+* Check if the number has 2 as factor, if yes it will print "one factor"
+* Check if the number has 3 as factor, if yes it will print "one factor...actually two!"
+* If none of them (2 and 3) is a factor, print the number itself

exercises/shell/files_size.md

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+## Files Size
+
+### Objectives
+
+1. Print the name and size of every file and directory in current path
+
+Note: use at least one for loop!

exercises/shell/great_day.md

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+## Great Day
+
+### Objectives
+
+1. Write a script that will print "Today is a great day!" unless it's given a day name and then it should print "Today is <given day>"
+
+Note: no need to check whether the given argument is actually a valid day

exercises/shell/hello_world.md

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+## Shell Scripting - Hello World
+
+### Objectives
+
+1. Define a variable with the string 'Hello World'
+2. Print the value of the variable you've defined and redirect the output to the file "amazing_output.txt"

exercises/shell/host_status.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+## It's Alive!
+
+### Objectives
+
+1. Write a script to determine whether a given host is down or up

exercises/shell/num_of_args.md

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+## Number of Arguments
+
+### Objectives
+
+* Write a script that will print "Got it: <argument value>" in case of one argument
+* In case no arguments were provided, it will print "Usage: ./<program name> <argument>"
+* In case of more than one argument, print "hey hey...too many!"

exercises/shell/print_arguments.md

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+## Shell Scripting - Print Arguments
+
+### Objectives
+
+You should include everything mentioned here in one shell script
+
+1. Print the first argument passed to the script
+2. Print the number of arguments passed to the script
+3. 

exercises/shell/solutions/basic_date.md

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+## Basic Date
+
+### Objectives
+
+1. Write a script that will put the current date in a file called "the_date.txt"
+
+### Solution
+
+```
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+
+echo $(date) > the_date.txt
+```

exercises/shell/solutions/count_chars.md

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+## Count Chars
+
+### Objectives
+
+1. Read input from the user until you get empty string
+2. For each of the lines you read, count the number of characters and print it
+
+### Constraints
+
+1. You must use a while loop
+2. Assume at least three lines of input
+
+### Solution
+
+```
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+
+echo -n "Please insert your input: "
+
+while read line; do
+    echo -n "$line" | wc -c
+    echo -n "Please insert your input: "
+done
+```

exercises/shell/solutions/empty_files.md

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+## Empty Files
+
+### Objectives
+
+1. Write a script to remove all the empty files in a given directory (including nested directories)
+
+### Solution
+
+```
+#! /bin/bash
+for x in *
+do
+    if [ -s $x ]
+    then
+        continue
+    else
+        rm -rf $x
+    fi
+done
+```

exercises/shell/solutions/factors.md

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+## Shell Scripting - Factors
+
+### Objectives
+
+Write a script that when given a number, will:
+
+* Check if the number has 2 as factor, if yes it will print "one factor"
+* Check if the number has 3 as factor, if yes it will print "one factor...actually two!"
+* If none of them (2 and 3) is a factor, print the number itself
+
+### Solution
+
+```
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+
+(( $1 % 2 )) || res="one factor"
+(( $1 % 3 )) || res+="...actually two!"
+
+echo ${res:-$1}
+```

exercises/shell/solutions/files_size.md

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+## Files Size
+
+### Objectives
+
+1. Print the name and size of every file and directory in current path
+
+Note: use at least one for loop!
+
+### Solution
+
+```
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+
+for i in $(ls -S1); do
+    echo $i: $(du -sh "$i" | cut -f1)
+done 
+```

exercises/shell/solutions/great_day.md

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+## Great Day
+
+### Objectives
+
+1. Write a script that will print "Today is a great day!" unless it's given a day name and then it should print "Today is <given day>"
+
+Note: no need to check whether the given argument is actually a valid day
+
+### Solution
+
+```
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+
+echo "Today is ${1:-a great day!}"
+```

exercises/shell/solutions/hello_world.md

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+## Shell Scripting - Hello World
+
+### Objectives
+
+1. Define a variable with the string 'Hello World'
+2. Print the value of the variable you've defined and redirect the output to the file "amazing_output.txt"
+
+### Solution
+
+```
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+
+HW_STR="Hello World"
+echo $HW_STR > amazing_output.txt
+```

exercises/shell/solutions/host_status.md

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+## It's Alive!
+
+### Objectives
+
+1. Write a script to determine whether a given host is down or up
+
+### Solution
+
+```
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+SERVERIP=<IP Address>
+NOTIFYEMAIL=test@example.com
+
+ping -c 3 $SERVERIP > /dev/null 2>&1
+if [ $? -ne 0 ]
+then
+   # Use mailer here:
+   mailx -s "Server $SERVERIP is down" -t "$NOTIFYEMAIL" < /dev/null
+fi
+```

exercises/shell/solutions/num_of_args.md

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+## Number of Arguments
+
+### Objectives
+
+* Write a script that will print "Got it: <argument value>" in case of one argument
+* In case no arguments were provided, it will print "Usage: ./<program name> <argument>"
+* In case of more than one argument, print "hey hey...too many!"
+
+### Solution
+
+```
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+
+set -eu
+
+main() {
+  case $# in
+    0) printf "%s" "Usage: ./<program name> <argument>"; return 1 ;;
+    1) printf "%s" "Got it: $1"; return 0 ;;
+    *) return 1 ;;
+  esac
+}
+
+main "$@"
+```
+

exercises/shell/solutions/sum.md

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+## Sum
+
+### Objectives
+
+1. Write a script that gets two numbers and prints their sum
+3. Make sure the input is valid (= you got two numbers from the user)
+2. Test the script by running and passing it two numbers as arguments 
+
+### Constraints
+
+1. Use functions
+
+### Solution
+
+```
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+
+re='^[0-9]+$'
+
+if ! [[ $1 =~ $re && $2 =~ $re ]]; then
+    echo "Oh no...I need two numbers"
+    exit 2
+fi
+
+function sum {
+    echo $(( $1 + $2 ))
+}
+
+sum $1 $2
+```

exercises/shell/sum.md

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+## Sum
+
+### Objectives
+
+1. Write a script that gets two numbers and prints their sum
+3. Make sure the input is valid (= you got two numbers from the user)
+2. Test the script by running and passing it two numbers as arguments 
+
+### Constraints
+
+1. Use functions