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README.md
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@ -793,16 +793,14 @@ Cached Volumes - Data is stored in AWS cloud and cached at customer's data cente
<summary>Explain what is CloudFormation</summary><br><b>
</b></details>
#### AWS Costs
<details>
<summary>Are you familiar with Cost Explorer tool? Have you used it? What for exactly?</summary><br><b>
</b></details>
#### AWS CloudFront
<details>
<summary>Explain what is CloudFront and what is it used for</summary><br><b>
<summary>Explain what is CloudFront</summary><br><b>
AWS definition: "Amazon CloudFront is a fast content delivery network (CDN) service that securely delivers data, videos, applications, and APIs to customers globally with low latency, high transfer speeds, all within a developer-friendly environment."
More on CloudFront [here](https://aws.amazon.com/cloudfront)
</b></details>
<details>
@ -810,8 +808,7 @@ Cached Volumes - Data is stored in AWS cloud and cached at customer's data cente
* Origin
* Edge location
* Distribution
</summary><br><b>
* Distribution</summary><br><b>
</b></details>
<details>
@ -830,7 +827,29 @@ True
A transport solution which was designed for transferring large amounts of data (petabyte-scale) into and out the AWS cloud.
</b></details>
##### AWS Load Balancers
##### AWS ELB
<details>
<summary>What is ELB (Elastic Load Balancing)?</summary><br><b>
AWS definition: "Elastic Load Balancing automatically distributes incoming application traffic across multiple targets, such as Amazon EC2 instances, containers, IP addresses, and Lambda functions."
More on ELB [here](https://aws.amazon.com/elasticloadbalancing)
</b></details>
<details>
<summary>What is auto scaling?</summary><br><b>
AWS definition: "AWS Auto Scaling monitors your applications and automatically adjusts capacity to maintain steady, predictable performance at the lowest possible cost"
Read more about auto scaling [here](https://aws.amazon.com/autoscaling)
</b></details>
<details>
<summary>True or False? Auto Scaling is about adding resources (such as instances) and not about removing resource</summary><br><b>
False. Auto scaling adjusts capacity and this can mean removing some resources based on usage and performances.
</b></details>
<details>
<summary>What types of load balancers are supported in EC2 and what are they used for?</summary><br><b>
@ -840,10 +859,14 @@ A transport solution which was designed for transferring large amounts of data (
* Classic LB - low costs, good for test or dev environments
</b></details>
##### AWS Security
#### AWS Security
<details>
<summary>What is the shared responsibility model? In other words, what AWS is responsible for and what the user is responsible for in regards to Security?</summary><br><b>
<summary>What is the shared responsibility model? What AWS is responsible for and what the user is responsible for based on the shared responsibility model?</summary><br><b>
The shared responsibility model defines what the customer is responsible for and what AWS is responsible for.
More on the shared responsibility model [here](https://aws.amazon.com/compliance/shared-responsibility-model)
</b></details>
<details>
@ -855,6 +878,7 @@ A transport solution which was designed for transferring large amounts of data (
* AWS Inspector
* AWS Artifact
* AWS GuardDuty
* AWS Shield</summary><br><b>
</b></details>
@ -876,21 +900,25 @@ A transport solution which was designed for transferring large amounts of data (
True
</b></details>
<details>
<summary>What is AWS Key Management Service (KMS)?</summary><br><b>
AWS definition: "KMS makes it easy for you to create and manage cryptographic keys and control their use across a wide range of AWS services and in your applications."
More on KMS [here](https://aws.amazon.com/kms)
</b></details>
#### AWS Databases
<details>
<summary>What is Amazon RDS?</summary><br><b>
<summary>What is AWS RDS?</summary><br><b>
</b></details>
<details>
<summary>What are some features or benefits of using RDS?</summary><br><b>
1. Multi AZ - great for Disaster Recovery
2. Read Replicas - for better performances
<summary>What is AWS DynamoDB?</summary><br><b>
</b></details>
<details>
<summary>What is AWS Redshift and how its different than RDS?</summary><br><b>
<summary>What is AWS Redshift and how is it different than RDS?</summary><br><b>
</b></details>
<details>
@ -903,7 +931,7 @@ True
</b></details>
<details>
<summary>What is Amazon ElastiCache? For what cases it used?</summary><br><b>
<summary>What is AWS ElastiCache? For what cases is it used?</summary><br><b>
Amazon Elasticache is a fully managed Redis or Memcached in-memory data store.
It's great for use cases like two-tier web applications where the most frequently accesses data is stored in ElastiCache so response time is optimal.
@ -912,7 +940,7 @@ It's great for use cases like two-tier web applications where the most frequentl
<details>
<summary>What is Amazon Aurora</summary><br><b>
A MySQL & Postgresql based relational database.
A MySQL & Postgresql based relational database. Also, the default database proposed for the user when using RDS for creating a database.
Great for use cases like two-tier web applications that has a MySQL or Postgresql database layer and you need automated backups for your application.
</b></details>
@ -922,20 +950,6 @@ Great for use cases like two-tier web applications that has a MySQL or Postgresq
#### AWS Networking
<details>
<summary>What is AWS Direct Connect?</summary><br><b>
Allows you to connect your corporate network to AWS network.
</b></details>
<details>
<summary>What is Route 53?</summary><br><b>
"Amazon Route 53 is a highly available and scalable cloud Domain Name System (DNS) web service"
More on Route 53 [here](https://aws.amazon.com/route53)
</b></details>
<details>
<summary>What is VPC?</summary><br><b>
@ -987,6 +1001,12 @@ False.
Read more about it [here](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/ec2-security-groups.html) and [here](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/vpc/latest/userguide/VPC_SecurityGroups.html)
</b></details>
<details>
<summary>What is AWS Direct Connect?</summary><br><b>
Allows you to connect your corporate network to AWS network.
</b></details>
#### Identify the service or tool
<details>
@ -1053,20 +1073,135 @@ AWS Database Migration Service
AWS CloudTrail
</b></details>
<details>
<summary>What would you use for SQL database?</summary><br><b>
AWS RDS
</b></details>
<details>
<summary>What would you use for NoSQL database?</summary><br><b>
AWS DynamoDB
</b></details>
#### AWS DNS
<details>
<summary>What is Route 53?</summary><br><b>
"Amazon Route 53 is a highly available and scalable cloud Domain Name System (DNS) web service..."
Some of Route 53 features:
* Register domain
* DNS service - domain name translations
* Health checks - verify your app is available
More on Route 53 [here](https://aws.amazon.com/route53)
</b></details>
#### AWS Monitoring & Logging
<details>
<summary>What is AWS CloudWatch?</summary><br><b>
AWS definition: "Amazon CloudWatch is a monitoring and observability service..."
More on CloudWatch [here](https://aws.amazon.com/cloudwatch)
</b></details>
<details>
<summary>What is AWS CloudTrail?</summary><br><b>
AWS definition: "AWS CloudTrail is a service that enables governance, compliance, operational auditing, and risk auditing of your AWS account."
Read more on CloudTrail [here](https://aws.amazon.com/cloudtrail)
</b></details>
<details>
<summary>What is Simply Notification Service?</summary><br><b>
AWS definition: "a highly available, durable, secure, fully managed pub/sub messaging service that enables you to decouple microservices, distributed systems, and serverless applications."
Read more about it [here](https://aws.amazon.com/sns)
</b></details>
<details>
<summary>Explain the following in regards to SNS:
* Topics
* Subscribers
* Publishers</summary><br><b>
* Topics - used for grouping multiple endpoints
* Subscribers - the endpoints where topics send messages to
* Publishers - the provider of the message (event, person, ...)
</b></details>
#### AWS Billing & Support
<details>
<summary>What is AWS Organizations?</summary><br><b>
AWS definition: "AWS Organizations helps you centrally govern your environment as you grow and scale your workloads on AWS."
More on Organizations [here](https://aws.amazon.com/organizations)
</b></details>
<details>
<summary>Explain AWS pricing model</summary><br><b>
It mainly works on "pay-as-you-go" meaning you pay only for what are using and when you are using it.
In s3 you pay for 1. How much data you are storing 2. Making requests (PUT, POST, ...)
In EC2 it's based on the purchasing option (on-demand, spot, ...), instance type, AMI type and the region used.
More on AWS pricing model [here](https://aws.amazon.com/pricing)
</b></details>
<details>
<summary>How one should estimate AWS costs when for example comparing to on-premise solutions?</summary><br><b>
* TCO calculator
* AWS simple calculator
* Cost Explorer
</b></details>
<details>
<summary>What basic support in AWS includes?</summary><br><b>
* 24x7 customer service
* Trusted Advisor
* AWS personal Health Dashoard
</b></details>
#### AWS Misc
<details>
<summary>Explain what are the following services and give an use case example for each one them:
<summary>What is AWS CloudSearch?</summary><br><b>
</b></details>
* CloudTrail
* CloudWatch
* CloudSearch</summary><br><b>
<details>
<summary>What is AWS Lightsail?</summary><br><b>
</b></details>
<details>
<summary>What is AWS Athena?</summary><br><b>
</b></details>
<details>
<summary>What is AWS EMR?</summary><br><b>
</b></details>
<details>
<summary>Explain what is AWS Lambda</summary><br><b>
</b></details>
<details>
<summary>What is AWS Quick Starts?</summary><br><b>
AWS definition: "Quick Starts are built by AWS solutions architects and partners to help you deploy popular technologies on AWS, based on AWS best practices for security and high availability."
Read more [here](https://aws.amazon.com/quickstart)
</b></details>
## Network
<a name="network-beginner"></a>
@ -7085,6 +7220,10 @@ MAC address flooding attack (CAM table flooding attack) is a type of network att
</b></details>
<details>
<summary>What is port flooding?</summary><br><b>
</b></details>
<details>
<summary>What is "Diffie-Hellman key exchange" and how does it work?</summary><br><b>
</b></details>

198
certificates/cloud-practitioner.md
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@ -53,20 +53,6 @@ Edge locations are basically content delivery network which caches data and insu
#### AWS Networking
<details>
<summary>What is AWS Direct Connect?</summary><br><b>
Allows you to connect your corporate network to AWS network.
</b></details>
<details>
<summary>What is Route 53?</summary><br><b>
"Amazon Route 53 is a highly available and scalable cloud Domain Name System (DNS) web service"
More on Route 53 [here](https://aws.amazon.com/route53)
</b></details>
<details>
<summary>What is VPC?</summary><br><b>
@ -114,6 +100,12 @@ False.
Read more about it [here](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/ec2-security-groups.html) and [here](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/vpc/latest/userguide/VPC_SecurityGroups.html)
</b></details>
<details>
<summary>What is AWS Direct Connect?</summary><br><b>
Allows you to connect your corporate network to AWS network.
</b></details>
#### AWS Compute
<details>
@ -338,6 +330,184 @@ There can be several reasons for that. One of them is lack of policy. To solve t
Only a login access.
</b></details>
##### AWS ELB
<details>
<summary>What is ELB (Elastic Load Balancing)?</summary><br><b>
AWS definition: "Elastic Load Balancing automatically distributes incoming application traffic across multiple targets, such as Amazon EC2 instances, containers, IP addresses, and Lambda functions."
More on ELB [here](https://aws.amazon.com/elasticloadbalancing)
</b></details>
<details>
<summary>What is auto scaling?</summary><br><b>
AWS definition: "AWS Auto Scaling monitors your applications and automatically adjusts capacity to maintain steady, predictable performance at the lowest possible cost"
Read more about auto scaling [here](https://aws.amazon.com/autoscaling)
</b></details>
<details>
<summary>True or False? Auto Scaling is about adding resources (such as instances) and not about removing resource</summary><br><b>
False. Auto scaling adjusts capacity and this can mean removing some resources based on usage and performances.
</b></details>
<details>
<summary>What types of load balancers are supported in EC2 and what are they used for?</summary><br><b>
* Application LB - layer 7 traffic
* Network LB - ultra-high performances or static IP address
* Classic LB - low costs, good for test or dev environments
</b></details>
#### AWS DNS
<details>
<summary>What is Route 53?</summary><br><b>
"Amazon Route 53 is a highly available and scalable cloud Domain Name System (DNS) web service"
Some of Route 53 features:
* Register domain
* DNS service - domain name translations
* Health checks - verify your app is available
More on Route 53 [here](https://aws.amazon.com/route53)
</b></details>
#### AWS CloudFront
<details>
<summary>Explain what is CloudFront</summary><br><b>
AWS definition: "Amazon CloudFront is a fast content delivery network (CDN) service that securely delivers data, videos, applications, and APIs to customers globally with low latency, high transfer speeds, all within a developer-friendly environment."
More on CloudFront [here](https://aws.amazon.com/cloudfront)
</b></details>
<details>
<summary>Explain the following
* Origin
* Edge location
* Distribution</summary><br><b>
</b></details>
#### AWS Monitoring & Logging
<details>
<summary>What is AWS CloudWatch?</summary><br><b>
AWS definition: "Amazon CloudWatch is a monitoring and observability service..."
More on CloudWatch [here](https://aws.amazon.com/cloudwatch)
</b></details>
<details>
<summary>What is AWS CloudTrail?</summary><br><b>
AWS definition: "AWS CloudTrail is a service that enables governance, compliance, operational auditing, and risk auditing of your AWS account."
Read more on CloudTrail [here](https://aws.amazon.com/cloudtrail)
</b></details>
<details>
<summary>What is Simply Notification Service?</summary><br><b>
AWS definition: "a highly available, durable, secure, fully managed pub/sub messaging service that enables you to decouple microservices, distributed systems, and serverless applications."
Read more about it [here](https://aws.amazon.com/sns)
</b></details>
<details>
<summary>Explain the following in regards to SNS:
* Topics
* Subscribers
* Publishers</summary><br><b>
* Topics - used for grouping multiple endpoints
* Subscribers - the endpoints where topics send messages to
* Publishers - the provider of the message (event, person, ...)
</b></details>
#### AWS Security
<details>
<summary>What is the shared responsibility model? What AWS is responsible for and what the user is responsible for based on the shared responsibility model?</summary><br><b>
The shared responsibility model defines what the customer is responsible for and what AWS is responsible for.
More on the shared responsibility model [here](https://aws.amazon.com/compliance/shared-responsibility-model)
</b></details>
<details>
<summary>What is the AWS compliance program?</summary><br><b>
</b></details>
<details>
<summary>Explain what each of the following services is used for
* AWS Inspector
* AWS Artifact
* AWS GuardDuty
* AWS Shield</summary><br><b>
</b></details>
<details>
<summary>What is AWS WAF? Give an example of how it can used and describe what resources or services you can use it with</summary><br><b>
</b></details>
<details>
<summary>What AWS VPN is used for?</summary><br><b>
</b></details>
<details>
<summary>What is the difference between Site-to-Site VPN and Client VPN?</summary><br><b>
</b></details>
<details>
<summary>True or False? AWS Inspector can perform both network and host assessments</summary><br><b>
True
</b></details>
<details>
<summary>What is AWS Key Management Service (KMS)?</summary><br><b>
AWS definition: "KMS makes it easy for you to create and manage cryptographic keys and control their use across a wide range of AWS services and in your applications."
More on KMS [here](https://aws.amazon.com/kms)
</b></details>
#### AWS Databases
<details>
<summary>What is AWS RDS?</summary><br><b>
</b></details>
<details>
<summary>What is AWS DynamoDB?</summary><br><b>
</b></details>
<details>
<summary>What is AWS Redshift and how is it different than RDS?</summary><br><b>
</b></details>
<details>
<summary>What is AWS ElastiCache? For what cases is it used?</summary><br><b>
Amazon Elasticache is a fully managed Redis or Memcached in-memory data store.
It's great for use cases like two-tier web applications where the most frequently accesses data is stored in ElastiCache so response time is optimal.
</b></details>
<details>
<summary>What is Amazon Aurora</summary><br><b>
A MySQL & Postgresql based relational database. Also, the default database proposed for the user when using RDS for creating a database.
Great for use cases like two-tier web applications that has a MySQL or Postgresql database layer and you need automated backups for your application.
</b></details>
### Final Note
Good luck! You can do it :)